boost::json:如何检查值是否存在并具有特定类型

boost::json 中有两种方法检查值是否存在并具有特定类型。请参见下面的完整示例,你可以在其中测试两种方法。我通常推荐选项 1,因为 100% 正确地进行所有检查很繁琐,而且人们往往容易忘记一些边缘情况。

仅对于禁用异常的嵌入式系统(并且启用异常不是一个选项),选项 2 是正确的方法。

选项 1:捕获异常

check_value.cpp
void extractTimestamp(const boost::json::value& jv) {
    try {
        double timestamp = jv.as_object().at("timestamp").as_double();
        std::cout << "Timestamp: " << timestamp << std::endl;
    } catch (const boost::system::system_error& e) {
        std::cerr << "Error" << e.code() << ": " << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
}

选项 2:使用显式检查

check_value_explicit.cpp
void extractTimestamp2(const boost::json::value& jv) {
    // Extract the timestamp as a double
    if (jv.is_object() && jv.as_object().contains("timestamp")) {
        double timestamp = jv.as_object().at("timestamp").as_double();
        std::cout << "Timestamp: " << timestamp << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cerr << "Error: 'timestamp' field is missing in the JSON data." << std::endl;
    }
}

完整测试用例

check_value_test.cpp
#include <boost/json.hpp>
#include <iostream>

// TODO: Insert one of the extractTimestamp functions here!

int main() {
    // Test with correct JSON
    {
        std::string line = "{\"timestamp\":1675910171.91}";
        boost::json::value jv = boost::json::parse(line);
        extractTimestamp(jv);
    }

    // Test with incorrect JSON #1
    {
        std::string line = "{}";
        boost::json::value jv = boost::json::parse(line);
        extractTimestamp(jv);
    }

    // Test with incorrect JSON #2
    {
        std::string line = "[]";
        boost::json::value jv = boost::json::parse(line);
        extractTimestamp(jv);
    }

    return 0;
}

选项 1 的输出:

output_option1.txt
Timestamp: 1.67591e+09
Error boost.json:17: out of range [boost.json:17 at /usr/include/boost/json/impl/object.hpp:388 in function 'at']
Error boost.json:31: value is not an object [boost.json:31 at /usr/include/boost/json/value.hpp:2529 in function 'as_object']

选项 2 的输出:

注意这里的错误消息不是很具体。

output_option2.txt
Timestamp: 1.67591e+09
Error: 'timestamp' field is missing in the JSON data.
Error: 'timestamp' field is missing in the JSON data.

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